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J Subst Abuse Treat. 2009 Jun;36(4):376-99. Epub 2008 Nov 12
Chestnut Health Systems, 448 Wylie Dr., Normal, IL 61761, USA. brgarner@chestnut.org
This article provides a comprehensive review of research studies that have examined the diffusion of evidence-based treatments (EBTs) within the field of substance abuse treatment. (More)
J Am Psychoanal Assoc. 2009 Feb;57(1):131-48
Busch FN, Milrod BL, Sandberg LS.
Psychiatry, Weill Cornell Medical College. fnb80@aol.com
Systematic research on psychoanalytic treatments has been limited by several factors, including a belief that clinical experience can demonstrate the effectiveness of psychoanalysis, rendering systematic research unnecessary, the view that psychoanalytic research would be difficult or impossible to accomplish, and a concern that research would distort the treatment being delivered. In recent years, however, many psychoanalysts have recognized the necessity of research in order to obtain a more balanced assessment of the role of psychodynamic psychotherapy and psychoanalysis in a contemporary treatment armamentarium, as well as to allow appropriate evaluation and potentially greater acceptance by the broader mental health and medical communities. In this context, studies were conducted of a psychodynamic treatment, Panic-Focused Psychodynamic Psychotherapy (PFPP), initially in an open trial and then in a randomized controlled trial (RCT) in comparison with a less active treatment, Applied Relaxation Training (ART; Cerny et al. 1984), for adults with primary DSM-IV panic disorder. (More)
J Subst Abuse Treat. 2008 Apr;34(3):293-301. Epub 2007 Jun 28
Squires DD, Gumbley SJ, Storti SA.
Addiction Technology Transfer Center of New England and Brown University Center for Alcohol and Addiction Studies, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA. daniel_squires@brown.edu
Underutilization of evidence-based treatments for substance abuse represents a longstanding problem for the field and the public health of our nation. Those who would most benefit from research advances (community treatment agencies and the clients they serve) have historically been the least likely to be exposed to innovative evidence-based methods for substance abuse treatment. To help address this gap, the Addiction Technology Transfer Center of New England (ATTC-NE), located at Brown University, has adapted and implemented an organizational change strategy intended to equip substance abuse treatment organizations and their employees with the skills needed to adopt evidence-based treatment practices. (More)
Br J Psychiatry. 2007 Dec;191:474-6
Institute of Mental Health, University of British Columbia, University Boulevard, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada V6T 1Z3. allan.young@ubc.ca
Use of lithium for the treatment of bipolar disorder may be declining even as knowledge of the efficacy and side-effects of lithium has increased. Recent meta-analyses confirm the benefits of maintenance lithium treatment and show that it reduces suicide and suicidality. Psychiatrists should continue to utilise this efficacious treatment for bipolar disorder. (More)
J Psychoactive Drugs. 2007 Sep;39(3):231-40
Brown VB, Najavits LM, Cadiz S, Finkelstein N, Heckman JP, Rechberger E; Seeking Safety Group.
PROTOTYPES, Centers for Innovation in Health, Mental Health, and Social Services, Los Angeles, CA, USA. protoceo@aol.com
This article presents findings from a multisite study on adopting and implementing an evidence-based practice, Seeking Safety, for women with co-occurring disorders and experiences of physical and sexual abuse. (More)
J Am Pharm Assoc (2003). 2007 Mar-Apr;47(2):156-64
Ried LD, McConkey JR, Bengtson MA, Garman PM, Hsu C, Rahnavard F.
Rehabilitation Outcomes Research Center, Malcom Randall Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Gainesville, FL, USA. ried@cop.ufl.edu
OBJECTIVES: To describe (1) the association between systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) changes and weight change and (2) weight, SBP, and DBP changes attributable to the medication following a switch from one second-generation antipsychotic (SGA) to another. (More)
J Affect Disord. 2008 Mar;106(3):257-63. Epub 2007 Jul 27
Schomerus G, Angermeyer MC, Matschinger H, Riedel-Heller SG.
Department of Psychiatry, Leipzig University, Johannissallee 20, 04317 Leipzig, Germany. georg.schomerus@medizin.uni-leipzig.de
BACKGROUND: Various programs for depression prevention have been shown to be effective, but preventive efforts population wide are only beginning. We examine public attitudes towards prevention of depression and beliefs about helpful preventive measures. (More)
J Trauma Stress. 2007 Dec;20(6):1009-18
Calhoun PS, Wiley M, Dennis MF, Means MK, Edinger JD, Beckham JC.
VA Mid-Atlantic Region Mental Illness Research, Education, and Clinical Center (MIRECC), VA Center for Health Services Research in Primary Care, Durham VAMC, Durham, NC 27705, USA. Patrick.Calhoun2@med.va.gov
Although sleep disturbance is considered a hallmark of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), objective evidence for sleep disturbance in patients with PTSD has been equivocal. The goal of the current investigation was to objectively examine sleep disturbance among women with PTSD in their home environment. (More)
Psychiatr Serv. 2007 Nov;58(11):1412-20
Department of Psychology, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, LD 124, 402 N. Blackford St., Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA. gbond@iupui.edu
OBJECTIVE: Individuals with psychiatric disabilities are the fastest-growing subgroup of Social Security Administration disability beneficiaries and have negligible rates of return to competitive employment. Nevertheless, a new approach to vocational rehabilitation, termed supported employment, has increased the optimism regarding employment for this population. (More)
Ment Retard Dev Disabil Res Rev. 2007;13(4):357-69
Singer GH, Ethridge BL, Aldana SI.
Gevirtz Graduate School of Education, Department of Education, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106-9490, USA. singer@education.ucsb.edu <singer@education.ucsb.edu>
A meta-analysis of the group intervention research for parents of children with developmental disabilities was conducted in order to characterize the efficacy of treatments in reducing depressive symptoms and other forms of psychological distress associated with stress in parents of children with developmental disabilities. (More)
J Affect Disord. 2008 Mar;106(3):265-72. Epub 2007 Aug 16
Trinity College Dublin, Department of Psychiatry, St. Patrick’s Hospital, James Street, Dublin 8, Ireland
BACKGROUND: Depressed and bipolar alcoholics represent a significant affective subgroup that has a poorer prognosis than either diagnosis alone. To date few systematic treatment programs have been developed to treat dual diagnosis. METHODS: An inpatient treatment program was developed at St Patrick’s Hospital Dublin to treat dual diagnosis clients with alcohol dependence and either unipolar or bipolar affective disorder. Clients (N=232) were assessed for depression, anxiety, elation, cravings, drink and drug intake on admission, discharge, 3 and 6 months post-discharge from the program.
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Schizophr Bull. 2008 Jan;34(1):181-92. Epub 2007 Jun 14
Calton T, Ferriter M, Huband N, Spandler H.
1To whom correspondence should be addressed; Division of Psychiatry, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK NG3 5AA; tel.: 0 44 115 9691300, e-mail: tim.calton@nottingham.ac.uk.
Background: The “Soteria paradigm” attempts to support people diagnosed with schizophrenia spectrum disorders using a minimal medication approach. Interest in this approach is growing in the United Kingdom, several European countries, North America, and Australasia.
(More)
Acta Psychiatr Scand Suppl. 2007;(435):3-4.
Guest Editors
In the past three decades, strategies have been developed for treatment and rehabilitation of schizophrenic disorders that have been shown to markedly reduce the clinical, social and carer burden and improve the efficiency of mental health resources. Five-year clinical practice evaluations of patient populations suffering from serious mental illness (SMI) with low drop-out rates are rare. This supplementum is based on a real life near-naturalistic study of everyday practice, treatment and outcomes for patients with schizophrenic disorders. Another perspective of this supplementum is that it reflects an example of a constructive and fruitful collaboration between independent researchers representing different psychiatric on the edge knowledge areas and universities and the scientific benefit of working with the pharmaceutical industry all of whom have managed to maintain their focus on the needs of the patient as a common denominator. Schizophrenia remains a very expensive disease. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2007 APA, all rights reserved)
Child Care Health Dev. 2007 Nov;33(6):768-83
Sanders MR, Markie-Dadds C, Rinaldis M, Firman D, Baig N.
The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia. matts@psy.uq.edu.au
BACKGROUND: This study used household survey data on the prevalence of child, parent and family variables to establish potential targets for a population-level intervention to strengthen parenting skills in the community. The goals of the intervention include decreasing child conduct problems, increasing parental self-efficacy, use of positive parenting strategies, decreasing coercive parenting and increasing help-seeking, social support and participation in positive parenting programmes.
(More)
Rinaldi, Miles; Perkins, Rachel.
Psychiatric Bulletin. Vol 31(7) Jul 2007, 244-249.
Aims and Method: We evaluated the impact of implementing the individual placement and support (IPS) approach within eight community mental health teams (CMHTs) in two London boroughs.
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Weiden PJ. Preskorn SH. Fahnestock PA. Carpenter D. Ross R. Docherty JP.
Journal of Clinical Psychiatry. 68(7 Suppl S):6-46, 2007
Objectives. The goal of the Roadmap is to provide guidance on how to use currently available antipsychotics to achieve best outcomes for patients with serious mental illness. The Roadmap orientation is that clinicians often make treatment decisions based on their underlying model of the illness. (More)
J Clin Psychol. 2007 May;63(5):417-24
American Institute for Cognitive Therapy, New York, NY 10022, USA. aict@aol.com
Bipolar disorder is a chronic and often devastating illness that may go undiagnosed because of its complex and diverse presentation. Clinicians can provide psychological treatments, in conjunction with pharmacotherapy, that can reduce the frequency, severity, and duration of manic and depressive episodes.
J Clin Psychol. 2007 May;63(5):491-506
Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Head Cognitive Behavior Therapy Clinic, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
The obstacle facing pharmacotherapy for bipolar disorder is that almost half of the patients do not achieve recovery over the duration of treatment. Although the reason for this disappointing clinical outcome remains unclear, structured psychotherapy has helped to fill these gaps in the treatment of bipolar disorder. Psychoeducation, family-focused therapy, interpersonal and social rhythm therapy, and cognitive behavior therapy have all received attention in the research literature. In this review, by assessing the outcomes from randomized control trials across the phases of bipolar disorder, we demonstrate that psychotherapy is an effective adjunctive treatment. We also show that the use of psychotherapy for bipolar disorder has differential results depending on when and under what conditions it is administered.
Psychiatr Serv. 2007 Apr;58(4):457-9
Department of Psychiatry, St. Michael’s Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
A significant proportion of patients of assertive community treatment (ACT) teams will adamantly refuse medication. Whether the team should continue to encourage medication or put a hold on advocating for medication is a clinical and ethical dilemma. On the basis of their clinical experiences, the authors propose best-practices criteria that ACT teams can consider in deciding whether medications may be temporarily discontinued when a patient refuses them. The authors suggest that in some circumstances stopping medications in such a case may help in the development or repair of a therapeutic alliance over the long term.
Adams CE. Awad G. Rathbone J. Thornley B
Academic Unit of Psychiatry and Behavioural Sciences, Cochrane Schizophrenia Group, School of Medicine, University of Leeds, 15 Hyde Terrace, Leeds, UK, LS2 9LT. ceadams@cochrane-sz.org
Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. (2):CD000284, 2007
BACKGROUND: Chlorpromazine, formulated in the 1950s, remains a benchmark treatment for people with schizophrenia. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the effects of chlorpromazine for schizophrenia in comparison with placebo. SEARCH STRATEGY: We updated previous searches of the Cochrane Schizophrenia Group Register (October 1999), Biological Abstracts (1982-1995), the Cochrane Library (1999, Issue 2), EMBASE (1980-1995), MEDLINE (1966-1995), PsycLIT (1974-1995), and the Cochrane Schizophrenia Group Register (June 2002), by searching The Cochrane Schizophrenia Group Trials Register (January 2007). We searched references of all identified studies for further trial citations. We contacted pharmaceutical companies and authors of trials for additional information.
Xia, J. Li, Chunbo
University of Leeds, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Sciences, 15-19 Hyde Terrace, Leeds, UK, LS2 9LT. j.xia@leeds.ac.uk
Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. (2):CD006365, 2007
BACKGROUND: The severe and long-lasting symptoms of schizophrenia are often the cause of severe disability. Environmental stress such as life events and the practical problems people face in their daily can worsen the symptoms of schizophrenia. Deficits in problem solving skills in people with schizophrenia affect their independent and interpersonal functioning and impair their quality of life. As a result, therapies such as problem solving therapy have been developed to improve problem solving skills for people with schizophrenia. OBJECTIVES: To review the effectiveness of problem solving therapy compared with other comparable therapies or routine care for those with schizophrenia.
Expert Rev Neurother. 2007 Jul;7(7):817-27.
College of William & Mary, PO Box 8795, Williamsburg, VA 23187-8795, USA. gdshea@wm.edu
Pessimistic views regarding the course and outcome of schizophrenia have been replaced by an emphasis on recovery. The concept of recovery emphasizes the need to provide access to treatments and services that are effective in both decreasing manifestations of the disorder and in assisting individuals to lead maximally productive and personally meaningful lives. To this end, the schizophrenia Patient Outcomes Research Team (PORT) published an updated consensus list of evidence-based practices that includes 14 recommendations, six of which describe psychosocial treatments (family interventions, supported employment, assertive community treatment, skills training, cognitive therapy and token economy programs).
Arch Intern Med. 2006 Nov 27;166(21):2314-21.
Gilbody S, Bower P, Fletcher J, Richards D, Sutton AJ.
Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York, England. sg519@york.ac.uk
BACKGROUND: Depression is common in primary care but is suboptimally managed. Collaborative care, that is, structured care involving a greater role of nonmedical specialists to augment primary care, has emerged as a potentially effective candidate intervention to improve quality of primary care and patient outcomes.
| J Clin Psychiatry. 2006 Dec;67(12):1833-5. | Related Articles, |
University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA. thaseme@upmc.edu
Publication Types:
| J Clin Psychiatry. 2007;68 Suppl 3:31-6. | Related Articles, |
Comment on:
University of Oxford, Warneford Hospital, Oxford OX10 0RU. john.geddes@psych.ox.ac.uk
Publication Types:
Trafford General Hospital, Manchester, UK. jonathan.hellewell@trafford.nhs.uk
Antipsychotic agents have long had a place in the clinical treatment of bipolar disorder, in both acute and maintenance phases. Recent clinical research conducted with the new generation of antipsychotic agents has contributed enormously to the data available on antipsychotic agents in bipolar disorder. Even now, however, the clinical trial data relates principally to the short-term treatment of acute mania.
Streeruwitz A, Barnes TR, Fehler J, Ohlsen R, Curtis VA.
Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, London, UK.
The records of 70 inpatients with an acute manic episode were audited, to examine the relationship between current prescribing practice, the recommendations of recent clinical guidance and short-term clinical outcomes.
Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2007 Jan 24(1):CD005148.
Faulkner G, Cohn T, Remington G.
University of Toronto, 55 Harbord St, Toronto, Ontario,Canada, M5S 2W6.
guy.faulkner@utoronto.ca
BACKGROUND: Weight gain is common for people with schizophrenia and this has serious implications for health and well being.
OBJECTIVES: To determine the effects of both pharmacological (excluding medication switching) and non
pharmacological strategies for reducing or preventing weight gain in people with
schizophrenia.
SEARCH STRATEGY: We searched key databases and the Cochrane
Schizophrenia Group’s trials register (April 2006), reference sections within
relevant papers, hand searched key journals, and contacted the first author of
each relevant study and other experts to collect further information.
SELECTION CRITERIA: We included all clinical randomised controlled trials comparing any pharmacological or non pharmacological intervention for weight gain (diet and
exercise counselling) with standard care or other treatments for people with
schizophrenia or schizophrenia-like illnesses.
DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS: We reliably selected, quality assessed and extracted data from studies. As weight is a continuous outcome measurement, weighted mean differences (WMD) of the change
from baseline were calculated. The primary outcome measure was weight loss. MAIN
RESULTS: Twenty-three randomised controlled trials met the inclusion criteria for
this review. Five trials assessed a cognitive/behavioural intervention and
eighteen assessed a pharmacological adjunct. In terms of prevention, two
cognitive/behavioural trials showed significant treatment effect (mean weight
change) at end of treatment (n=104, 2 RCTs, WMD -3.38 kg CI -4.2 to -2.0).
Pharmacological adjunct treatments were significant with a modest prevention of
weight gain (n=274, 6 RCTs, WMD - 1.16 kg CI -1.9 to -0.4). In terms of
treatments for weight loss, we found significantly greater weight reduction in
the cognitive behavioural intervention group (n=129, 3 RCTs, WMD -1.69 kg CI -2.8
to -0.6) compared with standard care.
AUTHORS’ CONCLUSIONS: Modest weight loss
can be achieved with selective pharmacological and non pharmacological
interventions. However, interpretation is limited by the small number of studies,
small sample size, short study duration and by variability of the interventions
themselves, their intensity and duration. Future studies adequately powered, with
longer treatment duration and rigorous methodology will be needed in further
evaluating the efficacy and safety of weight loss interventions for moderating
weight gain. At this stage, there is insufficient evidence to support the general
use of pharmacological interventions for weight management in people with
schizophrenia.
Publication Types:
Meta-Analysis
Review
PMID: 17253540 [Pubmed - indexed for MEDLINE]
Related Links
Early intervention for psychosis. [Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2006]
PMID:17054213
Sertindole for schizophrenia. [Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2005] PMID:16034864
Systematic reviews of the effectiveness of day care for people with severe mental
disorders: (1) acute day hospital versus admission; (2) vocational
rehabilitation; (3) day hospital versus outpatient care. [Health Technol Assess.
2001] PMID:11532238
Zuclopenthixol dihydrochloride for schizophrenia. [Cochrane Database Syst Rev.
2005] PMID:16235403
Olanzapine for schizophrenia. [Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2005] PMID:15846619
J Healthc Qual. 2007 Mar-Apr;29(2):48-56.
Torres DM.
Ocean Mental Health, Bayville and Toms River, NJ, USA. dtorres903@comcast.net
Metabolic syndrome is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease. People with
chronic schizophrenia are at risk for metabolic syndrome because of their diets,
lifestyle, and (in some cases) their medication.
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